User Manual: SAP DB
Architecture: SAP DB
Database Instance
Thread
User Kernel Thread (UKT)
Conv Scanner
Data Writer
Log Writer
Server Tasks
Timer Task
Trace Writer Task
User Task
Utility Task
Special Thread
Coordinator
Dev Thread
Requester
Temporary Dev Thread
Timer
Operating-System-Dependent Special Threads
Clock Thread
Console Thread
Cache
Catalog Cache
Converter Cache
Data Cache
File directory cache
Free Block Management (FBM) Cache
Log Cache
Devspace
System Devspace
Data Devspace
Log Devspace
Database Instance Type
SAP DB OLTP
liveCache
SAP DB Document Server
SAP DB OLAP
SAP DB E-Catalog
SAP DB Versions and Database Instance Types
Operating System Platform
Multiprocessor Configuration
User Concept
SAP DB User Classes
Database Manager Operator (DBM Operator)
User Authorizations
DBM Server Authorizations
Default Authorizations for the First DBM Operator
Operating System User Authorizations
Database User
Database User Classes
Database System Administrator (SYSDBA)
DBA/DOMAIN
RESOURCE
STANDARD
User Groups
The Role Concept
User Data as Options
Options (C/C++ Precompiler)
Required Options
User Data and XUSER
Using XUSER
XUSER Data
Generating XUSER Data in the Background
Security Concepts
Availability
Security Requirements
Restartability
Backup Strategy
Data Backup
Data Backup with Checkpoint
Data Backups without Checkpoint
Consistent Data Backup
Saving Data Backups
Log Backup
Automatic Log Backup
Interactive Log Backup
Saving Log Backups
SAP DB Tools
Architecture: SAP DB Tools
Architecture of the Database Manager
Architecture of the Replication Manager
SQL Studio Architecture
Architecture of the SAP DB Web Tools
X Server
DBM Server
REPM Server
Web Server
Database Manager
Database Manager GUI
Options (DBMGUI)
Database Manager CLI
Options (DBMCLI)
DBM Server Commands
Web DBM
Replication Manager
Options (REPMCLI)
REPM Server Commands
SQL Studio: Introduction
SQL Studio
Options (SQL Studio)
Web SQL
Directory Structure: SAP DB for SAP Systems
Variables
Distribution of the SAP DB Directories on the Hard Disk
Security Requirements
Performance Requirements
Example Configuration
Various Database Systems
SAP DB Directories
Instance Data
Programs that Are Independent of the Database Software Version
Libraries for the Client Run-time Environment
Programs that Are Dependent on the Database Software Version
Client Tools
Example: SAP DB Directory Structure
Display SAP DB Directories
Define SAP DB Directories
Directory Structure: SAP DB for Open Source
Variables
Distribution of the SAP DB Directories on the Hard Disk
Security Requirements
Performance Requirements
Example Configuration
Various Database Systems
SAP DB Directories
Display SAP DB Directories
Define SAP DB Directories
Database Parameters
BACKUP_BLOCK_CNT
CAT_CACHE_SUPPLY
CONVERTER_CACHE
DATA_CACHE
DATE_TIME_FORMAT
DEADLOCK_DETECTION
DEFAULT_CODE
INSTANCE_TYPE
JOIN_MAXTAB_LEVEL9
JOIN_MAXTAB_LEVEL4
JOIN_SEARCH_LEVEL
KERNELDIAGSIZE
KERNELVERSION
LOG_BACKUP_TO_PIPE
LOG_IO_QUEUE
LOG_MODE
LOG_SEGMENT_SIZE
LRU_FOR_SCAN
MAXARCHIVELOGS
MAXBACKUPDEVS
MAXCPU
MAXDATADEVSPACES
MAXDATAPAGES
MAXLOCKS
MAXRGN_REQUEST
MAXSERVERTASKS
MAXUSERTASKS
MP_RGN_LOOP
OPTIM_BUILD_RESLT
OPTIM_FETCH_RESLT
OPTIM_KEY_INV_RATE
OPTIM_MAX_MERGE
OPTIM_ORDERBY_IDX
OPTIM_OR_DISTINCT
REQUEST_TIMEOUT
RESERVED_REDO_SIZE
RESTART_SHUTDOWN
RUNDIRECTORY
SEQUENCE_CACHE
SESSION_TIMEOUT
UTILITY_PROT_SIZE
_DATA_CACHE_RGNS
_EVENT_ALIVE_CYCLE
_MAXEVENTS
_MAX_MESSAGE_FILES
_ROW_RGNS
_TAB_RGNS
_TRANS_RGNS
_TREE_RGNS
_UNICODE
SAP DB as UNICODE Database
UNICODE
Installing a UNICODE-Enabled Database
Setting Database Parameter _UNICODE
Setting Code Attribute UNICODE
UNICODE and SQL
Example 1
UNICODE in Programming Languages
Example 2
Data Management Using B* Trees
Concepts
Primary Key
Secondary Key
B* Tree
Root/Index Page
Leaf Page
Table Access
Table ID
B* Trees for Tables
B* Trees for Table with LONG Columns
B* Trees for Tables with Secondary Key
B* Trees for Tables with LONG Columns and Secondary Key
Table Access Using B* Tree
Table Access (SELECT) Using B* Tree
Table Access (INSERT) Using B* Tree
Table Access (DELETE) Using B* Tree
Table Access (UPDATE) Using B* Tree
Changes in the B* Tree Structure
Non-Uniform Distributions of Data Pages
Comparison Between SAP DB Version 7.3 and Version 6.1
Requirements for a Database System
SAP DB Improvements Since 1997
SAP DB Tools
Comparison of SAP DB and Version 6.1
Technical Specification of SAP DB Version 7.3
Improvements in SAP DB Version 7.4
Terms
Automatic Log Backup
Backup History
Backup ID
Backup Medium
Cache
Catalog
Checkpoint
Data Backup
Data Devspace
Database administrator
Database Catalog
Database Instance
Database Instance Type
Database Manager
Database Manager CLI
Database Manager GUI
Database Manager Operator (DBM Operator)
Database Parameters
Database Session
Database System Administrator (SYSDBA)
Database User
DBA/DOMAIN
DBM Server
DBMCLI
DBMGUI
Devspace
External Backup ID
External Backup Medium
External Backup Tool
Instance Type
Interactive Log Backup
Kernel
Language Support (MapChar Sets)
liveCache
Lock
Log Area
Log Backup
Log Devspace
Log Mode
Multiprocessor Configuration
Name of a Standard Backup Medium
Name of External Backup Medium
Parallel Backup Media
Redo Area
Replication Manager
REPM Server
RESOURCE
Run Directory
SAP DB Document Server
SAP DB E-Catalog
SAP DB OLAP
SAP DB OLTP
SAP DB Tools
SAP DB User Classes
Savepoint
Session
Single Backup Medium
SQL Studio
SQL Mode
System Devspace
Task
Terminal Support (Termchar Sets)
Thread
Transaction
UNICODE
Users
User Data
Web DBM
Web SQL
Web Server
X Server
Documentation Overview